METHOD FOR INDUCING CELLULAR IMMUNITY TO INFECTION BY SARS-CoV-2

Smart overview of the Invention

A plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccine targeting the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been developed to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. This vaccine aims to provide protection against COVID-19 by generating a strong immune response through the production of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell activation. The focus on the S protein is crucial, as it is responsible for viral entry into host cells via the ACE2 receptor.

Advantages of pDNA Vaccines

pDNA vaccines present several benefits over traditional vaccine types. They are cost-effective, easy to produce at scale, and have a favorable safety profile. Unlike mRNA vaccines that require cold storage and can be fragile, pDNA vaccines are thermally stable and can be stored without refrigeration. Additionally, they do not carry the risk of infection since they utilize only a gene encoding for a specific protein rather than the entire virus.

Immunogenicity Studies

Pre-clinical studies have assessed various constructs of the SARS-CoV-2 pDNA vaccine, targeting both the full-length S protein and its S1 subunit. The effectiveness of these constructs was measured by their ability to induce antibody-mediated responses and the production of interferon-γ, which plays a significant role in immune defense against viral infections. These evaluations are critical for determining which constructs may offer the best protective effects.

Potential Variants of the Vaccine

The patent outlines several embodiments of the pDNA vaccine, including variations in the encoded sequences that may enhance immunogenicity. These variations include modifications to amino acid sequences, deletions, or substitutions that could improve efficacy. Specific attention is given to the receptor binding domain (RBD) and other immunogenic fragments that may enhance the immune response.

Future Implications

The development of this pDNA-based vaccine represents a promising approach in combating COVID-19. By addressing limitations found in existing vaccines, such as storage issues and potential allergic reactions, this technology could provide a robust solution for global vaccination efforts. Further research and clinical trials will be necessary to fully assess its effectiveness and safety in humans.