Invention Title:

ADJUVANTED MUCOSAL SUBUNIT VACCINES FOR PREVENTING SARS-COV-2 TRANSMISSION AND INFECTION

Publication number:

US20240173399

Publication date:

2024-05-30

Section:

Human necessities

Class:

A61K39/215

Inventors:

Jay A. Berzofsky Bethesda, MD, United States

Yongjun Sui Potomac, MD, United States

Assignee:

The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary, Depart. of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD, United States

Applicant:

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY, DEPART OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Bethesda, MD, United States

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Smart overview of the Invention

Immunogenic compositions are designed to include specific proteins from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, namely the spike (S), S1, and S2 proteins, combined with various adjuvants. These adjuvants may include alum, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, poly I:C, and IL-15. The objective is to enhance the immune response against SARS-CoV-2, particularly focusing on respiratory mucosal immunity, which is vital for preventing infection and transmission.

Development of Nanoparticle Compositions

Nanoparticle formulations containing SARS-CoV-2 proteins and adjuvants are also explored. These nanoparticles can be administered intranasally as booster doses following an initial intramuscular vaccination. The nanoparticles aim to provide a targeted approach to stimulate a robust immune response in the respiratory tract, where the virus primarily enters the body.

Method of Administration

The proposed vaccination strategy involves an initial intramuscular injection of an immunogenic composition followed by one or more intranasal booster doses. This dual approach is intended to strengthen the immune response over time, ensuring long-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2.

Potential Benefits and Immune Response

The expected immune response from these compositions includes the production of neutralizing antibodies and dimeric IgA specific to SARS-CoV-2. This immune response could inhibit or prevent severe COVID-19 disease and reduce viral replication within the host. Additionally, it aims to provide sterilizing immunity in both upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Future Implications

Continued research into these adjuvanted mucosal subunit vaccines may address critical gaps in existing vaccination strategies, particularly regarding respiratory mucosal immunity. The goal is to create effective vaccines that complement current options and enhance overall public health responses to COVID-19.