SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATING AND SENSING THROUGH PLASMA

Smart overview of the Invention

A system and method have been developed to facilitate communication through the plasma sheath that forms on high-speed vehicles like hypersonic aircraft and spacecraft. This approach incorporates a matching layer on a vehicle's communication device, which is designed to generate a resonant frequency in conjunction with the plasma sheath. A modulator then produces electromagnetic waves to modulate this resonant frequency, enabling effective communication despite the plasma interference.

Background

Plasma, the fourth state of matter, consists of charged particles that respond to electromagnetic fields. Vehicles traveling at speeds above Mach-8 can create a plasma sheath, which disrupts communication and radar signals. This phenomenon can cause communication blackouts during critical phases of travel. The disclosed system addresses this challenge by enabling communication through the turbulent plasma sheath.

System Components

The system comprises a matching layer, a modulator, and a control unit integrated with the vehicle's communication device. The matching layer, made of electrically insulating material, creates resonant conditions with the plasma sheath. The modulator includes components like anodes and cathodes, and it works with the control unit to adjust the resonant frequency. This setup allows communication devices to operate at frequencies of 30 GHz or higher, even through the plasma sheath.

Operational Mechanism

The matching layer acts as a resonator that stores electrical energy, generating stable resonant conditions during hypersonic travel. By synchronizing with the plasma's natural resonant frequency, typically around 2 GHz, the system opens communication windows at zero crossings of this frequency. This technique reduces interference from the plasma sheath, permitting high-frequency signals to pass through effectively.

Applications and Benefits

This technology is particularly valuable for commercial space launches, military applications, and hypersonic travel where reliable communication is crucial. The matching layer not only facilitates continuous communication but also offers protection against signal jamming and electromagnetic attacks. By stabilizing the plasma sheath's frequency, it minimizes communication blackouts and enhances operational safety and efficiency.