CELLULAR REPROGRAMMING TO REVERSE AGING AND PROMOTE ORGAN AND TISSUE REGENERATION

Smart overview of the Invention

Engineered nucleic acids, including various viral vectors, are designed to express key transcription factors such as OCT4, KLF4, and SOX2. These components are instrumental in cellular reprogramming, facilitating tissue and organ regeneration, reversing aging processes, and addressing diseases. The application outlines methods to utilize these engineered nucleic acids in recombinant viruses and engineered cells for therapeutic purposes.

Challenges in Cellular Regeneration

The innate ability of adult somatic cells to regenerate and repair vital organs is limited, often leading to chronic disorders and acute injuries that mature cells cannot adequately address. Cells from younger organisms possess enhanced regenerative capabilities compared to older cells. Consequently, methods aimed at rejuvenating aged cells to restore their youthful functionality are essential for treating various injuries and diseases.

Role of Epigenetic Information

Aging is increasingly understood as a consequence of the loss of epigenetic information rather than solely genetic mutations. Epigenetic changes disrupt normal cellular functions, leading to traits associated with aging. The application emphasizes the importance of restoring this lost epigenetic information using specific transcription factors to rejuvenate cells without reverting them entirely to a pluripotent state.

Methodology for Cellular Rejuvenation

The proposed methods involve the controlled expression of OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 to reverse aging-related changes while maintaining cellular identity. These methods aim to enhance the abundance of specific histones and epigenetic marks associated with youthfulness. By carefully regulating these factors, it is possible to rejuvenate cells effectively without inducing harmful effects commonly associated with complete reprogramming.

Potential Applications

The innovative approach outlined in the application has significant implications for regenerative medicine. By leveraging the precise control of transcription factor expression through engineered vectors, it is possible to promote tissue regeneration and reverse aging effects in vivo. This could lead to advancements in treating various diseases, including ocular disorders, while minimizing risks associated with traditional reprogramming techniques.