Smart Bra with Optical Sensors for Breast Cancer Screening

Smart overview of the Invention

The smart bra integrates optical modules equipped with light emitters and receivers to facilitate breast cancer screening. The technology leverages light transmission through breast tissue to detect and image abnormal tissues, utilizing differences in light absorption and scattering. Each optical module comprises two light emitters operating at distinct wavelengths and a receiver, potentially featuring a movable light guide to scan tissue at varying angles. This innovative approach aims to improve the detection of breast cancer by overcoming limitations of traditional methods like x-ray mammography, MRI, and ultrasound.

Technical Details

The optical modules in the bra employ various optical analysis methods to assess breast tissue. Continuous wave (CW) methods use constant intensity light, frequency domain (FD) methods utilize modulated light, and time domain (TD) methods emit light pulses. These techniques capitalize on the presence of biomarkers such as deoxygenated hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, lipids, collagen, oxygen, and water in abnormal tissues, which affect light transmission properties. The smart bra's design addresses challenges in scanning deeper tissue layers by optimizing light scattering management.

Innovation and Challenges

Optical imaging and spectroscopic analysis offer a promising alternative for breast cancer detection by mitigating the drawbacks of current diagnostic technologies. However, existing devices face challenges in scanning deeper tissues due to increased light scattering. The smart bra's design aims to enhance imaging depth and accuracy by employing advanced optical methods and innovative module configurations. This approach seeks to provide a more accessible, non-invasive, and mobile solution for early breast cancer detection.

Relevant Prior Art

• U.S. patent application 20050043596: Optical examination device using freely extending fiber end portions.
• U.S. Pat. No. 6,081,322: Three-dimensional optical imaging techniques for detecting structures in human tissue.
• U.S. patent application 20150182121: Portable tumor detector with optical tomography integrated into a brassiere.
• U.S. patent application 20140236003: Imaging interface using concentric rings for diffuse optical tomography.
• U.S. patent application publication 20090005692: Method for detecting abnormalities in tissue via optical properties characterization.

Potential Impact

By integrating advanced optical technologies into a wearable form factor like a bra, this invention could revolutionize breast cancer screening by making it more accessible and less invasive. It promises to enhance early detection capabilities while avoiding the drawbacks of ionizing radiation exposure associated with traditional methods like x-rays. The smart bra's mobility and ease of use could facilitate more frequent screenings, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.