ANTENNA ARRAY AND APPARATUS

Smart overview of the Invention

The invention pertains to an antenna array and apparatus, designed to enhance directivity and performance in wireless communication systems. The array consists of multiple subarrays, each containing several antenna elements. These elements are strategically arranged to optimize spacing and orientation, thereby improving signal gain and beam width. The configuration allows for a compact design while maintaining high performance, ensuring effective coupling between antenna elements.

Technical Field

This technology falls within the realm of antenna technologies, specifically focusing on enhancing the performance of antenna arrays used in wireless communication systems. The design aims to address limitations in conventional antennas by improving gain and reducing beam width, thus enhancing multi-user MIMO capabilities and resolution in sensing systems.

Design and Configuration

The antenna array is structured with N subarrays, where each subarray comprises Mn antenna elements. These elements are aligned in a first direction with a spacing not exceeding half the wavelength (½λ) of the operating frequency. The subarrays are then arranged perpendicularly in a second direction, forming either a two-dimensional or three-dimensional array. This arrangement leverages vector superposition to achieve superdirectivity.

Implementation Variations

Various implementation options include using different types of antenna elements such as monopole or dipole antennas. The design also incorporates amplitude and phase adjustment units for each element, allowing precise control over signal excitation. Additional features include impedance matching circuits tailored for different elements to ensure optimal bandwidth and minimize coupling effects.

Applications

The antenna array can be integrated into active antenna units or communication apparatuses, which include baseband processing circuits for enhanced control. Beamforming techniques, both digital and analog, can be employed between subarrays to further refine signal directionality. The invention offers a robust solution for improving wireless communication efficiency through advanced antenna technology.