Active Acoustic Sensing

Smart overview of the Invention

Active acoustic sensing is a novel technique described for physiological monitoring using hearables, such as earbuds. This approach, termed audioplethysmography, leverages acoustic signals to detect subtle physiological changes at the user's outer and middle ear. Unlike traditional methods that rely on auxiliary sensors like optical or electrical sensors, this technique uses acoustic signals to monitor biometrics, recognize facial behaviors, and sense environmental changes. The method's unobtrusive nature and compatibility with existing hearable hardware make it an attractive solution for broadening access to health monitoring.

Background

As healthcare technology advances, there is a growing interest in personal health tracking to promote longer, healthier lives. Health monitoring can motivate individuals to achieve fitness goals and manage chronic illnesses by providing active feedback on bodily functions. However, many health-monitoring devices are obtrusive, expensive, and inconvenient, deterring widespread adoption. Therefore, there is a need for reliable, portable, and affordable devices that encourage more users to engage in health monitoring without disrupting daily activities.

Methodology

The active acoustic sensing method involves transmitting an acoustic signal into the user's ear canal and receiving the modified signal after it propagates through the ear. Changes in waveform characteristics like amplitude, phase, and frequency are analyzed to determine physiological metrics. This process eliminates the need for additional sensors by utilizing the existing capabilities of hearables. The technique forms an acoustic circuit that includes the hearable device, ear canal, and eardrum, allowing for comprehensive monitoring of biometrics and environmental changes.

Device Configuration

Devices implementing this method typically include at least one speaker, microphone, and processor to perform the necessary operations. Hearables are particularly suited for this application due to their ability to form a partial seal around the user's ear, enhancing the acoustic circuit's effectiveness. This configuration not only makes health monitoring less intrusive but also reduces the need for additional hardware, lowering costs and power consumption while improving user experience.

Applications and Benefits

The widespread use of wireless hearables like earbuds and headphones presents an opportunity to integrate active acoustic sensing into everyday devices without introducing new hardware. This integration can be achieved in standalone hearables or within other objects like glasses or helmets. By leveraging existing technology, audioplethysmography offers an innovative way to expand health monitoring capabilities, making them more accessible and appealing to a larger audience while providing freedom of movement and enhanced functionality.