US20260016729
2026-01-15
Physics
G02F1/153
Energy-efficient building windows with variable light transmission panels are introduced, focusing on affordability in terms of panel type, installation, maintenance, and operation. These windows are self-regulating, requiring no connection to building power sources, and are powered by integrated solar cells. They can wirelessly communicate with each other, enhancing energy efficiency, comfort, and privacy.
Buildings consume nearly 50% of the United States' energy, with windows playing a significant role due to heat and light transfer. Modern architectural designs with large window areas exacerbate this issue. Variable transmission windows (VTWs) with electrochromic panels can dynamically regulate sunlight, reducing HVAC energy demands. However, existing systems require wiring to building power, presenting a need for a wireless, solar-powered solution.
The innovation involves integrating solar cells and batteries into VTWs to power electrochromic panels, making them independent of building power. They are self-regulating and can form wireless networks to coordinate light transmission changes. Customizable networking allows users to configure window clusters, adapting to seasonal or personal preferences. Components are designed for easy repair and replacement without altering the window structure.
These windows can connect wirelessly to networks, forming mesh systems or communicating via gateways. They can integrate with building management systems, using sensors for automatic energy optimization and functions like privacy and glare reduction. Sensors can be located within the windows or elsewhere in the building, allowing diverse data inputs for system regulation.
Wireless communication with users is facilitated through remotes or gateways, supporting both one-way and two-way communication. Low-cost electrochromic panels are designed to self-bleach in emergencies and are sized to match the VTWs. These windows offer additional benefits like glare control and privacy, enhancing their utility beyond energy efficiency.