US20260044192
2026-02-12
Physics
G06F1/20
An advanced two-phase cooling system is outlined, designed to enhance the efficiency of heat management in computer system components. The system includes an enclosure divided into two volumes, with a heat source and liquid coolant in the first volume. The liquid coolant absorbs heat, generating vapor that partially fills the second volume. A condenser located in the second volume removes heat from the vapor, condensing it back to liquid, which returns to the first volume. The system utilizes a positioning device to adjust the condenser's position, maximizing the overlap with the vapor and improving heat transfer efficiency.
Cooling systems are vital for maintaining optimal temperatures in computer components like CPUs and GPUs, which generate significant heat during operation. Various cooling solutions exist, including air, liquid, and phase-change cooling, each with unique advantages. Liquid cooling is gaining popularity in high-performance computing environments due to its superior heat transfer capabilities and quieter operation compared to air cooling. Despite advancements, there is a continuous need for improved cooling systems to meet the demands of modern computing environments.
The document describes multiple embodiments to implement features of the cooling system. The two-phase cooling system uses a liquid coolant to absorb heat, generating vapor that is cooled by a condenser. The positioning device enhances the condenser's efficiency by increasing its interaction with the vapor. This system is particularly beneficial for data centers and high-performance computing environments, where efficient heat management is crucial for maintaining server density and reducing operational costs.
Liquid cooling is increasingly adopted in data centers and HPC environments due to its ability to efficiently remove heat from high-power components like CPUs and GPUs. This method supports higher-density deployments without overheating risks, optimizing server density and reducing space requirements. Liquid cooling systems can also lead to energy savings by minimizing the need for mechanical cooling solutions, such as air conditioning, and by utilizing ambient or recycled water.
Phase-change and two-phase cooling systems both utilize phase transitions for heat management but differ in implementation. Phase-change systems use a closed-loop with a refrigerant undergoing a liquid-gas cycle, while two-phase cooling involves simultaneous liquid and vapor phases. The latter allows the coolant to partially vaporize, absorbing heat and interacting with a condenser to release it. This approach provides a versatile and efficient cooling solution for high-performance computing environments.