US20260129994
2026-05-07
Electricity
H10F39/8063
The patent application describes an image sensor that incorporates a nano-photonic microlens array to enhance light sensing capabilities. This sensor substrate is composed of multiple pixels designed to detect incident light, each paired with a corresponding nano-photonic microlens. These microlenses are constructed using nanostructures arranged in a two-dimensional grid, which focuses light more effectively onto the pixels. The spacing between nanostructures within each microlens is greater than the arrangement period, optimizing light condensation.
The development of image sensors has seen a trend towards increasing pixel counts, necessitating pixel miniaturization. However, this miniaturization poses challenges in maintaining sufficient light capture and reducing noise. Traditional image sensors use color filters that significantly limit light utilization efficiency, as these filters absorb non-targeted colors. For instance, an RGB filter only transmits about 33% of incident light, leading to substantial light loss. Consequently, new methods, including the use of nanostructures, are being explored to improve sensor performance.
The proposed image sensor features a nano-photonic microlens array where each microlens is tailored to different light wavelengths. This design ensures that each pixel can sense specific colors more efficiently by adjusting the effective diameter of the microlenses. The sensor is integrated into an electronic apparatus that includes a lens assembly for image formation and a processor for signal processing. This configuration allows for enhanced light condensation and improved image quality across different wavelengths.
The image sensor is detailed with reference to accompanying diagrams, showcasing its structural and functional elements. The sensor comprises a pixel array, timing controller, row decoder, and output circuit, which may be integrated on a single chip or across multiple chips. The pixel array is organized in rows and columns, with each pixel capable of detecting distinct light wavelengths. The arrangement and operation of these components ensure efficient conversion of optical images into electrical signals.
Figures illustrate the arrangement of the pixel array, highlighting unit patterns composed of multiple unit pixels. Each unit pattern contains pixels arranged in specific configurations, such as 4x4 or 2x2, to optimize color sensing. For example, certain unit pixels are dedicated to green, blue, or red light, arranged to maximize the sensor's light capture efficiency. These configurations are repeated in two dimensions to cover the entire sensor area, facilitating comprehensive light detection and image generation.